Cerrudo, “An Emerging US (and World) Threat: Cities Wide Open to Cyber Attacks,” White Paper
-Sadly cities are implementing new technologies without first testing cyber security, there is often little or no cyber security testing at all, vendors with little or no experience in implementing security features, Many vendors implement custom wireless and wired communication protocols with either very poor security or no security…. Who is responsible or at fault for such lack of knowledge or being carless while implementing technologies in smart city, the government, other private organizations or vendors who designs these devices and technology?
– In our research at IOActive Labs, we constantly find very vulnerable technology being used across different industries. This same technology also is used for critical infrastructure without any security testing. Although cities usually rigorously test devices and systems for functionality, resistance to weather conditions, and so on, there is often little or no cyber security testing at all, which is concerning to say the least (pg.no: 08). Is it always possible to test technology completely and assure that there is no bug? Sometimes a hardware failure can also cause system to fail.
Townsend, “Buggy, Brittle and Bugged,” Smart Cities
-The sheer size of city-scale smart systems comes with its own set of problems. Cities and their infrastructure are already the most complex structure humankind has ever created. Interweaving them with equally complex information processing can only multiply the opportunity for bugs an unanticipated interactions (pg.no:256). Will the bottom up process of building smart cities have minimal chances for bugs and unanticipated interactions?