Safford Beer’s high minded idealization of the integration of computers into the shaping of our institutions provides for an optimistic outlook. Beer sought a proliferation in how we organize our institutions through the means of processing feedback. Variety, or the possible states of a system and its interpretation provides the foundation for his model. For Beer data interpretation and its analysis through simulation could provide viable models at a rate contemporary institutions simply could not. For Beer, this is cybernetics, the effective organization of large systems.

Pask also takes on this idea of systems, for him society was essentially a large system with an intricate branching of other social systems. Pask calls for a turn away from ‘pure’ architecture, to one that integrates the larger systems of society into the built environment. This would be a dynamic responsive architecture, that could evolve, react, that regulates and is regulated.

How we communicate (holistically rather than locally) with this ever evolving environment is the primary concern of Wiener, in The Human use of Human Beings. Wiener theorizes the human technological relationship as dual sided, in other others how we communicate with machines, and how they communicate back to us.