Landscapes of Change – Kwinter

1. “Catastrophe is interested in the effects of forces applied on a dynamical system from outside, forces that it then becomes the task of the system to neutralize, absorb or resolve. It gives rise to a whole new state or form.”(pg. 60) Are the forces applied on the system controlled forces? Is there ways to deal with undesired forces? “Forms are always new and unpredictable unfoldings shaped by their adventures in times.”(pg. 61)

On Typology – Moneo

2. “One of the frequent arguments against typology views it as a ‘frozen mechanism’ that denies change and emphasizes and almost automatic repetition. However, the very concept of type, as it has been proposed here implies the idea of change, or of transformation.”(pg.24) “Durand himself avoided the idea of type; used the word genre when he described the variety of buildings classified according to their programs.”(pg.29) Today, there are a lot of mixed-use architecture and the program can change. Rather than keep inventing new types, can a type be flexible based on their context?